EXPLORE WELLNESS ROOMS & FEATURES
Get familiar with popular hydrothermal rooms and features when designing spa & wellness areas.
People around the world have harnessed the cleansing and healing powers of water and heat for centuries, yet many spa designers/owners are unaware of the wide array of hydrothermal bathing features and experiences available. We've gathered some of the most common cabins here, arranging them from hottest (sauna) to coldest (snow room), while you'll find other features/accessories listed further down the page.
Whether you're interested in designing a home spa or a commercial, luxury spa that can be enjoyed by many, take some time to explore the various types of thermal cabins and hydrotherapy pools/baths that are available.

158-212 °F
SAUNA
Generally a simple timber cabin with a heat source radiating warmth from the wood-clad walls via heated stones, warmed by electricity or gas, traditionally by log fires.
Pictured: KLAFS Pure Sauna

158-212 °F
EVENT SAUNA
These specially-designed, large-scale saunas typically accommodate at least 10 people and need to be large enough to accommodate Sauna Aufguss and other performances. DFL, pioneers in this specialty, and now offers a complete Event Sauna Services program.
Pictured: Resorts World AWANA Spa & Wellness
(Photographer: Meg Blair)

158-212 °F
BANYA
It’s almost identical to a Finnish sauna in design and purpose, however it can have higher rates of humidity and bathers are encouraged to hit themselves or another person with “veniks” or bunches of dried branches and leaves to help improve circulation.

122-140 °F
SANARIUM
Developed exclusively by our partner KLAFS, a Sanarium turns one sauna into five: a classic sauna, a warm air bath, a tropical bath, an aroma bath or a soft steam bath. This break-through technology allows bathers to create their personal oasis of wellbeing.
​
Pictured: KLAFS Sanarium

104-116 °F
STEAM ROOM
Typically a tiled or stone room providing 100% humidity with hot steam, which is either created from heated waters in the room itself or, more commonly, pumped into the room using a steam generator.
​
Pictured: Faena Hotel, Miami Beach, FL, U.S.
(Photographer: Nik Koenig)

100-107 °F
HAMAM
Turkish hamams have a traditional heated “göbektaşı,” or, literally, “belly stone,” as their centerpiece. An authentic atmosphere is achieved when the room is finished in traditional Turkish “Iznik” tiles and Carrara Blanco marble, although dramatic effects have been created in modern hamams using very different finishes.

100-107 °F
LACONIUM
A warm ceramic room in which bathers can relax for long periods of time in comfortable ergonomically designed benches or individual, heated loungers or chairs. The walls, floors and benches are heated to enable deep penetration of the warmth to the body.
​
Pictured: Caesars Palace, Las Vegas, NV, U.S.
​

90-104 °F
HYBRID SAUNA
This sauna operates both as a traditional Finnish sauna and, at lower temperatures, as an infrared therapy room, thanks to its InfraPlus Backrest, a comfortable seat that provides long-range electromagnetic light that deeply penetrates the
body’s tissues.
​
Pictured: KLAFS Infrared seat backs

89-95 °F
TEPIDARIUM
Fitted with a range of different beds and loungers, relaxation spaces are essential to any spa. Traditionally used to warm up (or cool down) the body before and after using other bathing rooms, common mistakes include not making the room big enough or choosing uncomfortable loungers.
​
Pictured: NIZUC Resort & Spa, Mexico

Varies
TREATMENT ROOMS
Many wellness centers offer specialist cabins/rooms for specific hydrotherapy treatments, including inhalation therapy like salt (pictured), oxygen or aromatherapy and mud bath rituals, body wraps and scrubs. Additionally, specialist equipment, like Vichy showers, hydrotherapy tubs and Kneipp hoses can be offered.
​
Pictured: ISO Benessere

39-64 °F
SNOW SHOWERS
Either open or closed areas where a continuous snowfall can be generated by the push of a button. Melting snow on the skin versus jumping into a cold plunge pool can be an easier way to cool-down for many bathers.
​
Pictured: Snow Industries

40-55 °F
COLD ROOM
The air is chilled as low as 40 °F to 55 °F, making cold rooms an ideal solution for cooling down after sauna or steam room use. Features like cool mist and ice fountains are often used.
​
Pictured: Caesar's Palace

5-32 °F
SNOW ROOM
Advances in refrigeration technology make it possible to replicate the traditional Nordic "roll in the snow" in any hydrothermal facility. A snow room consists of an insulated room and a separate snowmaking system located in a plant/mechanical room.
​
Pictured: TechnoAlpin S.p.A
HYDROTHERAPY FEATURES
Authentic ways to positively impact wellbeing.
Hydrotherapy offers a wide array of applications and health benefits. Whether combining soothing water temperature with jets and other features for self-massage, using a shock of cold water to stimulate blood circulation, or taking advantage of water for low-impact exercise—all are proven to promote and impact wellness.

HYDROTHERAPY POOL
The combination of warm water and a selection of water features, including air tubs, swan-neck fountains, air loungers and water jets, means hydrotherapy pools provide unique benefits and deliver true external hydrotherapy—the complete immersion of the body in hot water, serving to relax muscles.
​
Pictured: NIZUC Resort & Spa, Mexico
​

FOOT
BATH
The foot spa is traditionally an area where warm ceramic or mosaic benches offer a place to relax and be comfortable, while bathing the feet in cool or warm (never hot) water.
​
Pictured: Dornbracht

EXPERIENCE SHOWER
There are a huge variety of showers—cold, waterfalls, mists, body jets and dramatic "experience showers"—offering multi-sensory experiences that incorporate smells, sound and visual effects that help take the bather to another world.
​
Pictured: Dornbracht

DELUGE
SHOWER
A deluge shower takes things a bit more back to basics by delivering a huge dump of cold water on bathers so they can adequately cool between heat treatments.
​
Pictured: Civana, Carefree, AZ, U.S.

KNEIPP
WALK
There are two walks used—the bather begins by stepping in hot water and then moves to cold water. Pebbles on the bottom of the stream/walkway massage the feet, and the alternation of hot and cold baths stimulate circulation of the blood.
​
Pictured: Civana, Carefree, AZ, U.S.

ICE
FOUNTAIN
An ice fountain is often found inside a snow room. The powdery snow can be applied to selectively cool the extremities of the body, such as the legs and arms.
Pictured: NIZUC Resort & Spa, Mexico

LAP
POOL
A pool that is large enough to exercise in offers significant benefits. The size of the pool will be determined by the space available and the types of exercising required—for example, different specifications are required for resistance training versus swimming laps.
​
Pictured: Four Seasons Resort, Dubai

HYDROTHERAPY TUB
A pool that is large enough to exercise in offers significant benefits. The size of the pool will be determined by the space available and the types of exercising required—for example, different specifications are required for resistance training versus swimming laps.
​
Pictured: Unbescheiden GmbH

DRY HYDRO MASSAGE BED
An option for spa guests who crave the therapeutic, massaging benefits of water jets and pressure—without the actual water. Water nozzles placed below a rubberized cover are used for the application of a relaxing massage. Client can stay completely clothed.
​
Pictured: Unbescheiden GmbH

DRY FLOATATION BED
Dry floatation beds offer a sense of weightlessness and are used in combination with a body wrap and often include soft hydro-massage features. Because the unit can be stable, manual massages can also take place on the bed, making it a very flexible choice in a modern spa.
​
Pictured: Unbescheiden GmbH

A MUST HAVE RESOURCE
The Guide to Hydrothermal Spa & Wellness Development Standards, Fourth Edition
Produced by the Global Wellness Institute's Hydrothermal Initiative, the book provides design and building guidelines for hydrothermal areas. Our CEO, Don Genders, acts as the Initiative Chair, leading a committee of global experts to promote the Hydrothermal Industry. Design for Leisure provided our expertise for the guide's content and sponsored the production.
Contact us for a hard copy or download a digital copy.
